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Soil, Pottery Clay, Cooking Wood & Wildlife Feed

Whether you’re passionate about choosing the perfect wood for your grill or want tips on feeding wildlife, our blog provides expert insight into sustainable living.

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Cracked Corn for Chickens: Benefits, How to Feed, and Whole vs Cracked

Yes, chickens can eat corn. In fact, cracked corn can be a beneficial supplement to a balanced diet when fed in moderation. That said, cracked corn for chickens is a long-standing topic of debate. Some people prefer to include it regularly in their flock's diet, while others believe it offers little nutritional value. The truth lies somewhere in the middle. While corn can provide energy and serve as a useful treat or supplement, chickens need more than corn alone to stay healthy. Understanding the role of corn in chicken nutrition can help you decide when and how to feed it. Let's take a closer look at the benefits of corn for chickens, how it compares to whole corn, and how to feed it responsibly. What Is Cracked Corn and Can Chickens Eat It? Cracked corn is whole dried corn kernels broken into smaller pieces, making them easier for chickens to pick up, eat, and digest. But the real debate isn't about the definition of cracked corn. Rather, it's this: Can chickens eat corn? Yes, they can. In fact, they love it. However, cracked corn for chickens should be viewed as a supplement rather than a primary food source. While it provides energy and is often included in commercial scratch mixes, chickens need a balanced diet to meet their nutritional requirements. Is Cracked Corn Good for Chickens? Nutritional Profile and Real Benefits Yes, cracked corn can be good for chickens when fed in moderation and as part of a balanced diet. Here's what you should know. 1. What's in Cracked Corn: Nutritional Breakdown To understand whether cracked corn is good for chickens, it helps to look at its nutritional profile. Cracked corn is made up primarily of carbohydrates, making it an excellent source of energy. It also contains approximately 9.5% protein. While that may sound substantial, laying hens typically require feed containing around 16 to 18% protein to support egg production, feather health, and overall well-being. Cracked corn is also low in calcium and several essential vitamins and minerals that chickens need to thrive. This is why cracked corn for chickens should not be used as a primary feed. The issue isn't that corn is harmful; it's that it is nutritionally incomplete on its own. That said, premium cracked corn does offer some additional nutritional benefits. It contains natural carotenoids called xanthophylls, yellow pigments that can contribute to deeper yellow or orange egg yolks. 2. What Cracked Corn Actually Does for Your Flock The value of cracked corn comes less from its nutritional profile and more from how it can be used within a feeding program. During colder months, many chicken keepers offer cracked corn as a treat because it provides extra calories when birds need more energy to stay warm. It's also commonly scattered on the ground to encourage natural scratching and foraging behavior, helping keep chickens active and engaged. Another advantage is convenience. Cracked corn is affordable, widely available, and easy to incorporate into mixes or occasional treats. While these benefits make cracked corn a useful addition to your flock's routine, it should still be fed alongside a balanced diet rather than in place of one. Whole Corn vs Cracked Corn for Chickens: Which Should You Feed? Chickens can eat both whole corn and cracked corn, but the choice shouldn’t be random. You must consider your flock’s age, size, and how you want to use corn in their diet. Let’s start with cracked corn for chickens, as we've already discussed some of its benefits. Cracked corn is easier to digest because the kernels have been broken into smaller pieces, making them easier for chickens to process. It’s also suitable for most chickens, including younger birds and smaller breeds, though it should be introduced only after chicks are established on a balanced starter feed. It can be particularly useful during winter because it provides a readily available source of energy. However, cracking the kernels exposes more of the grain to air, which can slightly reduce nutrient retention over time. Now let's look at whole corn for chickens. Whole corn is harder and slower to digest, making it better suited for adult chickens with access to grit, which helps them break down the kernels. One advantage of whole corn is that its nutrients remain more protected within the intact kernel, helping preserve nutritional value during storage. The bottom line? Cracked corn is typically the more practical choice for chickens because it's easier to eat and digest. That said, whole corn remains a viable option for many adult flocks. How to Feed Cracked Corn to Chickens: Amounts, Timing, and Seasonal Adjustments Feeding corn to chickens is relatively straightforward. The key is not how you feed it, but how much and when. Most problems associated with cracked corn for chickens stem from overfeeding rather than the corn itself. By paying attention to portion sizes, timing, and seasonal needs, you can incorporate it into your flock's diet without disrupting their overall nutrition. 1. How Much Cracked Corn to Feed Chickens A good rule of thumb is to follow the 10% rule: treats, including corn, should make up no more than 10% of a chicken's daily diet. When you're first getting started, measuring portions can help you understand what that looks like for your flock. In practical terms, this may be around a small handful of cracked corn per bird, though the exact amount depends on your chickens' size, age, breed, and overall diet. Free-range birds that forage throughout the day, for instance, may need less supplemental corn than chickens kept in a more confined space. Larger breeds may also tolerate slightly more than bantam breeds. For young chicks, it's best to wait until they are well established on starter feed before offering cracked corn. Their early diet should focus on nutrient-dense feed that supports healthy growth and development. 2. When to Feed Corn: Seasonal and Daily Timing Many chicken keepers prefer to offer cracked corn in the late afternoon or shortly before roosting. Because the corn is consumed later in the day, it can provide a readily available source of energy during cooler nighttime temperatures. This makes cracked corn a useful evening treat during winter. In summer, it can still be offered in moderation, but many flock owners reduce the amount they feed since the extra calories are often unnecessary. While the amount you feed may vary by season, chickens tend to enjoy cracked corn year-round. It's also worth noting that many scratch grain mixes already contain cracked corn. If you're feeding scratch regularly, factor that corn into your flock's overall treat intake to help keep treats within the recommended 10% limit. Risks of Too Much Cracked Corn and How to Store It Safely For anyone wondering, "Is cracked corn good for chickens?" the answer is yes. However, issues can arise when it’s fed in excess or improperly stored, both of which are easy to avoid once you know what to watch for. 1. What Happens When Chickens Eat Too Much Corn Feeding too much corn can cause several problems because corn is high in energy but relatively low in protein, calcium, and other essential nutrients. One common issue is that chickens fill up on corn and eat less of their complete feed, creating nutritional imbalances. When protein intake drops, hens may lay fewer eggs, develop poor feather quality, and even start feather-pecking. Excess calories from corn can also lead to obesity, which reduces foraging activity, increases the risk of fatty liver syndrome, and can lower egg production. In laying hens, replacing too much balanced layer feed with corn may reduce calcium intake, resulting in thin-shelled or soft-shelled eggs. For this reason, corn should be treated as a supplement rather than a primary feed source. 2. Storage, Freshness, and Mycotoxin Risk: The Safety Issue Most Keepers Miss The biggest risk associated with corn for chickens is not the corn itself; it's poor storage. Old or improperly stored corn can develop mold that produces mycotoxins, including aflatoxin, which can be harmful or even fatal to chickens in very small amounts. Never feed corn that smells musty, shows visible mold, has unusual discoloration, or has formed damp clumps. Store corn in a sealed container in a cool, dry location and use it within a few weeks of opening. Avoid topping up old corn with fresh corn, as older grain at the bottom can go unnoticed and spoil. In humid or wet weather, remove any uneaten corn from the run within 24 hours to prevent mold growth. Using high-quality, non-GMO, US-grown cracked corn that contains no additives can also help reduce contamination risks from the outset. Does Cracked Corn Affect Egg Production and Yolk Color? The two most common questions backyard chicken keepers ask are “Will corn help hens lay more eggs?” and “Will it make yolks more yellow?” The answers are important if you want to use corn for chickens without affecting flock health or productivity. When it comes to egg production, too much corn can actually reduce laying. Laying hens need a diet containing at least 16 to 18% protein, and filling up on cracked corn for chickens can displace the complete layer feed that provides those nutrients. However, when fed as an occasional treat and kept within the 10% rule, corn does not negatively affect egg production. The real problem occurs when hens eat enough corn to ignore their balanced feed. Corn can also influence yolk color because it contains xanthophylls, natural yellow pigments that are deposited in the yolk. While corn for chickens may contribute to a slightly deeper yellow color, the effect is usually modest. Dark leafy greens, marigold petals, and access to pasture are much more effective at producing richly colored yolks. Conclusion So, can chickens eat corn? Yes, but they need more than corn alone to maintain a healthy, balanced diet. While there is ongoing debate about its role in poultry nutrition, cracked corn for chickens can be a valuable addition to a chicken's diet when fed responsibly and in moderation. When offered as a treat and kept within the 10% rule, corn provides energy, encourages natural foraging behavior, and adds variety to a chicken's diet. The key is ensuring it complements, rather than replaces, a balanced layer feed that supplies the protein, calcium, and other nutrients chickens need to thrive. At Old Potters, we supply premium cracked corn and organic whole corn sourced for quality and freshness, helping flock owners provide a safe, nutritious treat their chickens will love.

What Can You Feed Birds: Best Foods for Birds and How to Feed Safely

Let’s set the scene: A few birds visit your yard, and before long, you’re thinking about putting out food for them. In that same moment, you may start wondering: what can you feed birds safely? What you feed matters, as not all seeds, fruits, and food scraps are created equal. To avoid harming your backyard visitors, it’s important to understand the best foods for birds and which foods are most likely to attract them for an even more lively bird-watching experience. To help you learn what can you feed wild birds, this guide outlines which foods different species prefer, which foods to avoid, and how to feed birds safely throughout the year. What Can You Feed Birds? The Best Foods for Birds by Type When comparing the foods of birds, it helps to break them into three main groups, each suited for different species and seasons. 1. Seeds: The Foundation of Backyard Bird Feeding Seeds are a primary food source for many birds. However, choosing high-quality seed mixes is important, as cheap blends or those with “stuffers” that aren’t desirable can prevent birds from visiting your yard. High-quality seed, when matched with the right species, however, can be one of the best foods for birds. Here’s what you should know: Black oil sunflower seeds: These seeds have the broadest appeal, attracting birds like cardinals, chickadees, finches, grosbeaks, jays, mourning doves, and nuthatches. Sunflower hearts and chips: Sunflower hearts and chips are no-mess and packed with high-energy fats and oils, perfect for finches, cardinals, and bluebirds. Safflower: This is a high-protein choice for cardinals, chickadees, finches, grosbeaks, and doves, serving as a naturally squirrel-resistant option. Nyjer/thistle: Supports bird health and vitality and is enjoyed by finches, sparrows, and more. White proso millet: Suitable for ground-feeding birds and platform feeders, including sparrows, juncos, and doves. 2. Suet, Mealworms, and High-Protein Extras Protein-rich foods, like the ones listed below, are also among the best foods for the birds. They’re especially valuable in cold months and during breeding season. This includes: Suet cakes: These high-energy cakes are often mixed with various ingredients, supporting protein-rich and high-energy diets. They commonly attract woodpeckers, nuthatches, and wrens. Dried or live mealworms: Another high-protein treat, mealworms are enjoyed by robins, bluebirds, and thrushes, among others. Peanuts: Inshelled Peanuts and Shelled Peanuts are a great snack for backyard birds, but salted or flavored versions can be harmful to their health. 3. Fruit and Kitchen Scraps Have some food scraps that you don’t want to throw away? They can make a great snack for birds when chosen carefully. Foods like fresh or dried fruit are especially appealing to species such as robins, waxwings, and thrushes. Apples, berries, raisins, and grapes are all popular options when offered in small, manageable pieces. That said, not every kitchen scrap is bird-friendly. Bread, for instance, can fill birds up without providing much nutritional value and may contribute to developmental issues in young birds with repeated exposure. Chocolate and highly processed snacks, like chips or crackers, should also be avoided due to their salt, sugar, and additive content. Matching the Food to the Bird: Which Species Prefer What So, what do you feed a bird? While we’ve already covered some of the different types of food and the birds that enjoy them, understanding what birds eat also means choosing the right feeder for each species. American Goldfinches, for example, are especially fond of nyjer seed and sunflower hearts, which are best offered in tube feeders with small ports designed for smaller birds. Northern Cardinals prefer sunflower seeds and safflower, often visiting hopper or platform feeders where they have enough space to perch comfortably. Black-capped and Carolina Chickadees enjoy sunflower hearts, peanut pieces, and safflower seeds, typically feeding from tube or hopper feeders. Meanwhile, Downy and Hairy Woodpeckers are attracted to suet, peanuts, and sunflower seeds, making suet feeders and mesh peanut feeders excellent choices for these species. Ground-feeding birds like Dark-eyed Juncos and White-throated Sparrows are more likely to visit when white proso millet is scattered on the ground or placed in a tray feeder. For fruit- and insect-loving birds such as Eastern Bluebirds and American Robins, mealworms and fruit served in open dish or tray feeders can be especially appealing. Blue Jays, on the other hand, are known for enjoying whole in-shell peanuts and sunflower seeds, often favoring platform feeders or mesh peanut feeders that can accommodate their larger size. Matching the right food and feeder to specific species can make all the difference in creating a more active backyard. Old Potters’ range of bird seed and feeding options can help support a variety of birds with foods tailored to their feeding preferences. Foods to Never Feed Birds: What Causes Real Harm In addition to answering “what can you feed birds,” you should also know what not to feed them. While most feeding mistakes come from good intentions, the following foods should be avoided: Salted seeds, nuts, or crackers: Salty foods are not good food for the birds. Since birds’ kidneys can’t process excess sodium, these foods can lead to sodium toxicity, causing dehydration and kidney failure even in small amounts. Bread, pastry, and processed foods: These are all empty calories and can promote rapid mold growth in feeders. In fact, low-nutrient diets with too many breads and processed foods can increase the risk of “angel wing” deformity in waterfowl. Avocado, onion, and garlic: Feeding birds these foods can be harmful. Persin, found in avocado, is toxic to birds, while alliums in foods like onions and garlic can cause oxidative damage to red blood cells. Moldy or stale seed: Moldy foods put birds at risk of aflatoxin exposure, which can lead to illness or even death in wildlife. Below, we provide tips for keeping feed fresh. Commercially flavored or sweetened foods: These should also be avoided. For instance, artificial sweeteners like xylitol in processed foods can be acutely toxic to birds. Seasonal Feeding: Adjusting What You Offer Through the Year A big mistake both beginner and experienced birdwatchers make is using the same feed year-round. This is because birds’ nutritional needs shift with the seasons. While winter demands calorie-dense foods for thermoregulation, spring and summer call for protein to support breeding and fledgling growth. 1. What to Feed Birds in Winter: High-Fat, High-Calorie Foods Cold climates require birds to consume more calories to maintain body temperature. This makes suet, peanuts, and black oil sunflower seeds some of the most effective winter foods. Pro tip: Feeders should be kept consistently filled, as birds quickly learn which food sources are reliable and may depend on them during periods of extreme cold. 2. Spring and Summer: Protein for Breeding Season During spring and summer, feeding birds means focusing more on protein-rich foods that support breeding, nesting, and fledgling growth. Mealworms are especially valuable for parent birds feeding nestlings, as the insect protein closely mirrors their natural diet. Fresh fruit can also help attract returning migrants like thrushes, orioles, and waxwings, while nyjer seed remains effective throughout goldfinch breeding season. Pro tip: Feeder hygiene becomes even more important in warmer weather, as heat and humidity can speed up mold growth and spoil uneaten food more quickly. Feeder Types and Safe Feeding Practices You can have the highest-quality food on the market, but if it isn’t fresh or paired with the right feeder, it may go uneaten. To avoid wasted effort and better understand what can you feed birds, we’ve outlined feeder types alongside some of the best foods for birds. 1. Matching Feeder to Food Different feeder types are designed to support different foods and bird species, so choosing the right setup can make feeding birds far more effective. Tube feeders with small ports, for example, work especially well for nyjer seed and sunflower hearts, attracting smaller birds like goldfinches, siskins, and chickadees. Hopper and platform feeders are more versatile and can hold mixed seed blends, sunflower seeds, and safflower, making them popular with cardinals, jays, and sparrows. Mesh and peanut feeders are ideal for offering whole peanuts or peanut pieces, which are favorites among woodpeckers, jays, and nuthatches. For birds that prefer high-energy foods, suet cages are a reliable choice. Filled with suet cakes, they commonly attract woodpeckers, wrens, and nuthatches. Ground tray feeders or scattered white millet are especially appealing to ground-feeding species like juncos, sparrows, and doves. Meanwhile, dish and tray feeders are well suited for mealworms, helping attract insect-eating birds such as bluebirds, robins, and thrushes. 2. Freshness, Storage, and Aflatoxin: The Safety Risk Most Feeders Miss Stale, damp, or mold-contaminated seeds can increase the risk of aflatoxin, a naturally occurring mycotoxin harmful to birds and mammals. There are multiple things you can do to reduce this risk, such as: Buying in smaller quantities Storing feed in a sealed container Keeping feed in a cool, dry place Removing uneaten seed after 2 to 3 days Replacing feed more often in hot or rainy weather Discarding anything that smells musty or looks discolored We also recommend cleaning feeders with a dilute bleach solution (9 parts water to 1 part bleach), rinsing them thoroughly, and repeating this process at least monthly, or more often in summer. And don’t forget about clean water, as it’s just as important as clean food. Bird baths and water dishes should also be cleaned regularly to help prevent the spread of bacteria and disease among visiting birds. If you want more information on the best place to set up your feeder, check out our wildlife and bird feeding guide. And if you want to keep your backyard birds well-fed year-round, explore Old Potters’ wildlife feed collection for quality seed blends and feeding options tailored to a variety of species. Quick Summary: The Best Foods for Birds and What to Avoid The best foods for birds are fresh, unsalted, and matched to the species you want to attract. This can include a variety of seeds, high-protein options like suet and mealworms, and even certain fruits and kitchen scraps when offered safely. And remember: quality matters. Choosing non-GMO, US-grown seed with minimal fillers can help support healthier feeding habits and attract a wider variety of birds. At Old Potters, we understand that different birds prefer different foods, which is why we offer a wide range of feed options tailored to a variety of species and feeding styles. Browse our wildlife feed collection to find quality seed blends and feeding solutions for your backyard birds.

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Cord vs. Rick of Wood: What’s the Difference?

Learn the difference between a cord and a rick of wood, how many ricks make a cord, and how to buy the right amount of firewood from Old Potters.

Types of Wood for Smoking Meat

Did you know that the type of wood for smoking you choose is just as important as the cut of meat? This may come as a surprise to many, but it's a fundamental part of barbecue 101. With so many different types of wood for smoking meat available, each one brings its own unique flavor profile, intensity, and overall outcome. This isn't meant to scare you, but to encourage you to choose the right wood for your next barbecue session. Dive into this topic with us as we explore different wood flavor profiles, the best pairings by meat type, and everything you need to know in order to choose the best type of wood for smoking. Why the Type of Wood for Smoking Matters Put simply, the wood you choose matters. But don't just take our word for it; learn why: How Smoke Flavor Penetrates Meat While slow-smoking meat makes it tender and flavorful, most smoke flavor is absorbed during the early stages of cooking, especially while the meat surface is still cool and moist. This is because meat is most receptive to smoke when it's still cool and moist. Contrary to popular belief, smoke flavor does not deeply penetrate the meat. Instead, it primarily develops on the surface, creating that rich outer layer and signature smoky taste. Because this flavor develops early and mostly on the exterior, choosing the right type of firewoods or cooking wood are essential to achieving the taste you want. Difference Between Mild, Medium, and Strong Smoking Woods The difference between mild, medium, and strong smoking woods lies in the intensity of their flavor. And while your first thought may be, "I want as much smoke flavor as possible," that isn't always the best approach. The type of meat you're smoking plays a major role, and using a smoking wood flavor chart can help guide your choice, mild woods typically offer a subtle, sweet flavor, medium woods are more balanced and versatile, and strong woods deliver a bold, intense smokiness. Hardwood vs. Softwood Hardwood and softwood have key differences that directly affect the smoking experience: Hardwoods: Hardwoods like oak and hickory generally burn more steadily and produce cleaner smoke than softwoods, making them ideal for barbecuing. Softwoods: Most softwoods, such as pine, contain high levels of resin, which can create an unpleasant, bitter flavor when used for smoking. For this reason, hardwoods are the preferred choice by experienced barbecuers. So if you're wondering what type of wood to use for smoking meat, the first step is to choose a hardwood before exploring the different flavor profiles. Choosing the Best BBQ Wood When it comes to the "best" wood, there's no single perfect answer. The type of meat, cooking time, and personal flavor preference all play an important role. We won't give too much away just yet, as we provide more detailed guidance on choosing the right type of wood for smoking below. Best Wood for Smoking: Flavor Profiles by Wood Type As mentioned, different types of wood for smoking meat create distinct flavor profiles, from mild and sweet to bold and intense. And since the goal of smoking meat with cooking wood is to get that perfect balance of flavors, understanding the differences between popular woods is key. The chart below breaks it down for you: Wood Type Flavor Profile Best Meats to Smoke Beginner Friendly? Form Available Oak Clean, medium smoke; earthy with a hint of sweetness Brisket, ribs, pork shoulder, lamb, sausages ✅ Yes Chunks, pellets Hickory Strong, savory-sweet; bold, bacon-like Larger cuts of meat like brisket and pork shoulder ⚠️ Moderate (can be overpowering) Chunks, chips, pellets Mesquite Very bold, intense; strong smoke Steaks, hamburgers, brisket (with careful management) ❌ Not ideal for beginners Chips, pellets Apple Mild, slightly sweet; subtle and natural Pork, poultry, fish, brisket (for lighter flavor), cheese ✅ Yes Chunks, chips, pellets Cherry Mild, slightly sweet; slightly more complex than apple Poultry, pork ribs, lighter fish ✅ Yes Chunks, chips Maple Mild, slightly sweet; smooth and balanced Poultry, fish, cheese, vegetables ✅ Yes Chunks, chips, pellets Oak BBQ Wood: Balanced & All-Purpose Many consider oak BBQ wood a foundational smoke flavor in the world of barbecuing. It produces clean, medium-profile smoke and offers a steady, long-lasting burn, making it a great option for meats like brisket, ribs, and pork shoulder. Often described as earthy with a hint of sweetness, oak delivers a classic, well-balanced barbecue flavor that doesn't overpower meats, which is why many also pair it with lamb and sausages. Hickory Wood for BBQ: Strong & Classic Hickory is another classic type of wood for smoking. It delivers a strong, savory-sweet flavor that makes it one of the most popular options for barbecuers. This bold smoke is especially well-suited for larger cuts of meat like brisket and pork shoulder. However, its intensity, often described as bacon-like, can be overpowering, so many people balance it by pairing it with a milder, fruitier wood. Mesquite Wood for Smoking Meat: Very Bold Mesquite wood is known for its strong, intense flavor. It burns hot and fast, making it popular for grilling quick-cooking meats like steaks and hamburgers. It can also be used for cuts like brisket, though it requires careful management, as its bold smoke can easily overpower the meat. Because of its powerful flavor, mesquite isn't considered the best choice for beginners. Apple Wood for Smoking Meat: Mild & Sweet Apple wood is mild and slightly sweet, making smoking meat with apple wood a great choice for those who prefer a subtle smoke flavor. It pairs especially well with lighter meats like pork, poultry, and fish, and can also be used for brisket when a more subtle, natural smoke flavor is desired. Unlike some stronger woods, it has a low risk of producing a bitter taste and provides a steady burn, making it a great option for beginners. Because its flavor is so subtle, some people even use it for smoking foods like cheese. Cherry Wood Chips Smoking: Sweet & Rich Color Similar to apple wood, cherry wood is mild and slightly sweet. That said, cherry is often considered a bit less sweet and more complex than apple wood, giving meat a rich, deep mahogany color that enhances its overall appearance. It's a versatile choice, commonly used for poultry, pork ribs, and lighter fish. Maple Wood Chips: Light & Slightly Sweet Maple wood is mild and slightly sweet, producing a smooth, balanced smoke flavor. Its steady heat makes it a good choice for longer cooks, while its subtle profile pairs especially well with poultry, fish, cheeses, and vegetables. Best Smoking Wood Pairings by Meat Type Still not sure which premium cooking wood is right for your next barbecue? Use this as your guide: Meat Type Best Wood Options Turkey Apple, Cherry, Maple Brisket Oak, Apple, Mesquite, Hickory Ribs Cherry, Apple, Hickory, Oak Pulled Pork Apple, Cherry, Hickory, Oak Venison Oak, Hickory, Apple, Cherry Poultry Cherry, Apple, Maple Fish Apple, Cherry, Maple Wild Game Oak, Hickory, Apple, Cherry Best Wood for Turkey Turkey pairs best with milder, fruitier woods that won't overpower the meat. For that reason, apple, cherry, and maple are among the best types of wood for smoking turkey. Best Wood for Smoking Brisket Brisket cooks low and slow, requiring a reliable wood that won't create a bitter flavor over time. If you're looking for good wood for smoking brisket, oak is a top option due to its earthy and balanced flavor. Apple can also be used for a more subtle smoke flavor, while mesquite and hickory deliver bolder results when carefully managed. Best Wood for Ribs Ribs are versatile, which means a range of woods can work well. Cherry and applewood-smoked ribs are popular choices due to their subtle, slightly sweet flavor, while hickory and oak provide a stronger, more traditional barbecue taste. Best Wood for Pulled Pork Pulled pork pairs well with both mild and strong woods. For a fruity, subtle flavor, apple and cherry are excellent options, while hickory and oak create a richer, stronger smoke profile. Best Wood for Smoked Venison Oak and hickory offer a bold, robust flavor that complements venison well. However, fruit-forward woods like apple and cherry are also popular choices for adding a touch of sweetness and balance. Best Wood for Poultry When it comes to poultry, sweet and fruity woods are the winners. This makes cherry, apple, and maple the best type of wood for smoking meats like chicken and turkey. Best Wood for Fish Like poultry, fish pairs best with mild, sweet, and fruity woods that won't overpower its delicate flavor. This makes apple, cherry, and maple great choices for smoking fish. Best Wood for Wild Game Wild game pairs well with balanced or slightly sweet woods that complement its rich flavor. Oak and hickory provide a bold, traditional smoke, while apple and cherry add a touch of subtle sweetness for a more balanced flavor. Beginner Tip: How to Blend Smoking Woods for Better, Balanced Flavor Fun fact: you don't have to choose just one wood; you can actually mix different types to create a more balanced, layered flavor. Here's what you should know: Why Blend Smoking Woods? Many pitmasters blend woods to create more unique flavors and balance the intensity of the smoke. For instance, while hickory can be overpowering if not used properly or when paired with certain meats, it can be combined with milder fruit woods like apple for added balance. This produces a more complex, layered flavor, making it great for beginners who want extra balance when experimenting with stronger woods. Popular Wood Blend Combinations Here are some popular wood blends known for great flavor: Oak + Cherry: A balanced blend with a touch of sweetness, great for brisket and pork. Hickory + Apple: A classic BBQ combination with mild sweetness that helps soften hickory's boldness. Ideal for pulled pork. Mesquite + Oak: Delivers Texas-style boldness with more balance than mesquite alone. Works especially well for beef. Cherry + Maple: A light, sweet blend that enhances color and flavor. Excellent for poultry and fish. Beginner Pitfalls: Choosing the Wrong Type of Wood for Smoking So what mistakes are many beginners making? Here are five you should know about: Using softwoods: As mentioned, many softwoods contain high levels of resin, which can lead to a bitter flavor that's not ideal for barbecuing. They also produce resinous smoke that can create unpleasant flavors, which is why they are not recommended for cooking. Over-smoking meat: Contrary to popular belief, there is such a thing as too much smoke. It can overpower the meat, leaving a bitter taste that ruins the meal. Not matching wood strength to cook time: To create a balanced flavor, you need to match different woods to different proteins based on cook time. A great example of this is mesquite; it burns hot and fast with an intense flavor that works well for quick-cooking meats like steak. Using too much mesquite: Okay, we get it: mesquite is strong. That's not to say we're anti-mesquite, but beginners should use it carefully to avoid an overpowering or unpleasant flavor. As mentioned, you can blend it with milder woods to create a better balance. Ignoring airflow: Wood can start producing dirty smoke if there isn't enough airflow, which can negatively impact flavor. Make sure your vents are properly adjusted and avoid overcrowding the fire to maintain clean, steady smoke. Conclusion Remember: while there are general rules of thumb you can follow, the best type of wood for smoking ultimately comes down to personal preference. Beyond understanding the different types of wood and their flavor profiles, choosing premium, kiln-dried wood is the first step in the right direction. If you're ready to explore high-quality wood, contact us today.

Compost 101: What It Is, How It Works, and How to Use It in Gardens

Learn what compost is, how it works, and how to use it in your garden. Discover the benefits of composting for soil health and plant growth.

How to Start and Plant a Garden: The Complete Guide for Beginners

An increasing number of people are taking up gardening for its ability to reduce stress, increase physical activity, and promote a more sustainable lifestyle. However, wanting to garden and knowing how to start a garden are two very different things. From choosing the right location to preparing the soil and planting your garden, there are many doubts and challenges that beginners must overcome. With the right guidance, like what we’re providing you with today, you can learn how to plant a garden and avoid the most common beginner mistakes. Why Start a Garden? 4 Compelling Benefits Your garden hobby may have additional benefits that you weren’t expecting. From fresh vegetables to greater home curb appeal, here’s what you can look forward to: 1. Grow Fresh, Organic Vegetables at Home Imagine walking outside and simply gathering the vegetables you need for your next meal. In addition to the convenience of skipping grocery lines, fresh vegetables have greater flavor and nutrition, and they ensure your food is free from harmful pesticides and chemicals, giving you more control over what you put on your table. 2. Reduce Stress and Improve Mental Health There are many mental health benefits of gardening, as it helps relax the mind, connect you to nature, and reduce stress and anxiety. In fact, many also consider it a holistic or spiritual practice, helping them break away from the hectic routines of everyday life. 3. Support a Healthier Environment Planting a garden can reduce the need for store-bought produce that often requires long-distance transportation and excess packaging. Plus, building one of the best soils for vegetable garden growth can support local pollinators and improve overall biodiversity, making your garden a small but meaningful step toward a more sustainable lifestyle. 4. Enhance Your Property's Curb Appeal If you turn a plain backyard into a sustainable garden, you may also boost your home’s curb appeal. This is because home gardens offer a functional space, promote wellness, and can really appeal to potential buyers looking for a space that feels inviting and well cared for. How to Choose the Best Location for Your Backyard Garden If you’re wondering how to start a garden from scratch, one of the first things you have to decide is where to set up your garden. Follow these tips for organizing your backyard garden layout: Sun exposure: In general, plants require around 6 to 8 hours of sunlight every day. If they receive too little or too much sun, it can be damaging to their survival. However, every plant is different, meaning you should consider what types of plants you want to grow to determine optimal sun exposure. Drainage: Do you have a plan in place to handle excess water from rain? For instance, if you position your garden at the bottom of a hill, all rain will be directed to it, which can affect plant health. Before choosing a location, test how well different areas of your backyard drain and consider ways to improve it if needed. Protection: Consider your local weather conditions and what your garden may need protection from. For instance, are high winds, pets, or competing trees a concern? If so, create a plan to ensure they don’t disrupt your garden. Accessibility: Ensure your garden is near a water source, has enough space for the chosen vegetables to grow, and can easily be reached when gardening. Backyard Garden Layout Ideas: Simple Plans for Any Space There are different garden structure plans you can consider, including: 1. Row Gardens (Traditional, Space-Efficient) As the name suggests, row gardening involves planting your vegetables in straight rows to help them grow better. This is a common method for vegetable gardens, as it keeps them organized and accessible for harvesting. It also supports better air circulation and drainage, making it an efficient option for beginner gardeners. To create a row garden, mark the rows using a ruler or tape measure, dig the rows, and plant your seeds. 2. Raised Bed Gardens (Beginner-Friendly) Raised beds are gardens constructed above ground level. There is no set height they need to be, as they can range from a few inches tall to over a foot (or more). These enclosed beds have an array of benefits, such as protection against potential contaminants in your yard, greater accessibility, and an added aesthetic touch. While you can build this bed yourself, the easiest way to set up a raised bed garden is to purchase it pre-made, which can be found in an array of materials and heights depending on your preference. Next, choose the right soil, plant your vegetables, and enjoy a beautiful garden. 3. Container Gardens (Small Spaces) Container gardens aren’t planted directly in the ground. Instead, plants are planted in pots or planters, making them ideal for small spaces. For instance, maybe you only have a small area available in your backyard, or most of your space is covered by a patio, meaning you need a portable option that still provides the same gardening experience. To set up a container garden, choose a pot or planter based on the size requirements of the plant you’re growing. Fill it with high-quality soil, then choose the right plants depending on your preferences and factors like sun requirements. Choosing the Right Vegetables and Herbs for Beginners Planting a garden means understanding which vegetables are best for beginners and how temperature affects what you can grow. 1. Best Vegetables for Garden Beginners Tomatoes Tomatoes are a very popular garden vegetable, grown by beginners and experienced gardeners alike. Why? Because they’re fast-growing and low-maintenance, with their top requirements being sunlight, consistent watering, and nutrient-rich soil. Lettuce and Leafy Greens It’s widely agreed that lettuce is a very easy-to-grow vegetable, making it a great option for anyone learning how to plant a garden. Leafy greens come in a variety of colors, flavors, and textures, making them an easy way to keep salads interesting, even in small spaces. Radishes Next on the list are radishes, which are fast-maturing and easy vegetables to grow in a home garden. They require loose, well-drained soil, so make sure you choose the right soil for optimal growth. Green Beans Green beans are highly productive crops, growing best in well-prepared and organically amended soil. They’re also beginner-friendly because they sprout quickly and don’t require much maintenance beyond regular watering and great sunlight. Zucchini Zucchinis also grow best in full sun with rich, well-draining soil. Since they’re considered heavy feeders, using compost or other nutrient-rich soil is a great way to support plant health. For beginners, it’s a great choice because it grows quickly and produces plenty of vegetables with minimal effort 2. Beginner-Friendly Herbs to Start With Just because the above focuses on popular vegetable varieties doesn’t mean you can’t fill your garden with your favorite herbs. Herbs like basil, parsley, mint, chives, and cilantro are top choices for beginners, as they’re easy to maintain, can be grown in small spaces, and easily enhance the flavor of food. 3. Understanding Your Climate: Growing Zones Explained Where you live has a huge impact on your garden, as the weather directly affects the types of vegetables you can successfully grow. Here’s what you need to know: Cool-Season vs. Warm-Season Crops The USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map is used to determine which plants are most likely to survive in a specific location. It shows the average annual minimum temperature, serving as a general guide for growing perennial plants. Learning how to use the map can help you choose plants that are more likely to thrive in your area. But for now, here’s a general guideline of common cool- and warm-season plants: Common warm-season crops: Corn, cucumbers, eggplant, melons, peppers, zucchini, tomatoes, and watermelon. Common cool-season plants: Lettuce, asparagus, beets, broccoli, brussels sprouts, chives, and cabbage. Preparing the Soil for a Garden: How to Build Healthy, Nutrient-Rich Soil From soil quality to step-by-step soil preparation, here’s what you should know: Why Soil Quality Matters for Garden Success Good soil isn’t just “nice to have.” It’s absolutely critical for supporting plant health and growth. For that reason, when we evaluate the best way to prepare soil for a garden, one of the first and most important steps is choosing soil that sets you up for success. Let’s break down the “why” behind this. High-quality, organic soil: Supports root growth Regulates water Improves resilience Increases yield So while you can follow all the tips on selecting the right vegetables for your weather and choosing the right location for your garden, it may still struggle to produce healthy plants without the right soil. Choosing Quality Soil Amendments To prepare soil for garden vegetables, you must start by choosing the right soil amendment. Premium amendments like those from Old Potters undergo rigorous quality testing to ensure consistency, safety, and performance. Still, there are a few simple signs you can look for when evaluating quality, including a dark, crumbly texture, 100% organic ingredients, and an earthy smell. That said, the exact characteristics depend on the type of soil amendment you choose, with common options including: Peat moss: Peat moss prevents waterlogging, helps retain moisture, and improves soil structure. It also supports healthy root growth, making it a great option for seedlings. Biochar: Premium biochar for soil amendment is celebrated for its role in improving soil structure, boosting nutrient retention, and enhancing water retention, which supports long-term plant growth. Compost: Organic compost fertilizers nourish plants from root to tip. It’s a versatile option for both indoor and outdoor gardening, making it a great choice for beginners. Earthworm castings: Earthworm castings deliver essential nutrients to support overall plant vitality. They’re easy to apply and can lead to stronger root systems, making them a great addition to backyard gardens. How to Get Soil Ready for a Garden: Step-by-Step Step 1: Clear and level This involves removing all vegetation, such as logs, brush, and debris. If you’re clearing a space that has plants, we recommend doing a light dig to remove the roots to avoid regrowth. Once the area is cleared, level the ground by checking the slope and evening it out. Remove excess soil from higher spots and fill in low areas with the same soil. Then, use a rake to spread the remaining dirt evenly and break up any clumps. Step 2: Test pH Different plants thrive in different soils, and soil pH describes how acidic or alkaline your soil is. You can test it at home with a DIY kit, which is typically available at local gardening stores. The kit should provide detailed instructions, and depending on the results, you can determine whether your soil is already healthy or if it needs amendments to support optimal plant growth. Step 3: Add organic matter Whether you need a specific soil amendment or already have healthy soil and want to improve growing conditions, adding organic matter to the soil increases resilience and supports better crop quality. To do this, mix in a few inches of compost or other organic material and work it into the top 6 to 8 inches of soil using a shovel or garden fork. Then, rake the area smooth before planting. Step 4: Let soil rest After adding soil amendments, you should wait a couple of weeks before planting (although the exact timing depends on the amendment). This supports the “feed the soil, not the plant” philosophy, which focuses on improving soil health with quality amendments so your plants have the nutrients they need to grow strong. Planting Your Garden: How to Give Seeds and Plants the Best Start A key part of gardening for beginners is learning how to plant seeds and young plants properly so your garden gets the best possible start. How to Plant Seeds vs. Transplants To seed or to transplant, that’s the big debate. Seeds: Starting your garden from seeds can take more time, patience, and extra care. However, it’s a rewarding experience since you can see progress from the very beginning. It’s also more cost-effective, especially when using a seed starter, and it’s a great option for plants that don’t transplant well. Transplants: Transplants, which involve moving small, already-started plants into your garden, provide a faster start. And of course, quicker growth leads to quicker results. Just keep in mind that some plants need extra care when transplanted, such as being hardened off so they can better adapt to new environments. Watering and Mulching for Healthy Growth Watering As a general rule of thumb, most plants should be watered once or twice a week. Many gardeners consider deep watering the best approach, which means watering long enough for moisture to soak at least 6–8 inches below the soil surface rather than watering more frequently in small amounts. That said, every plant is different, and factors like your soil’s water-holding capacity, weather, and whether you’re planting in containers or in-ground can all affect how often you’ll need to water, especially if you’re using a high-porosity soil mix for drainage and aeration. Keep in mind that not all vegetables have the same needs. Your plants will also show signs of stress, so watch for clues like wilting or fading color, which can indicate underwatering (though wilting can also happen during extreme heat). Mulching Mulch is defined as a material applied to the surface of soil to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and improve soil conditions. Organic mulch is often the best choice, and common options include wood chips, shredded leaves, and compost. If you’re applying compost as mulch, for instance, spread a 2-inch layer around plants using a shovel or your hands, then rake it into an even layer. Avoid piling compost directly on top of seedlings and lightly turn it occasionally to improve airflow. Essential Garden Maintenance: Keeping Your Garden Thriving In addition to knowing how to plant a garden, you’ll also need to maintain it with a few simple habits: 1. Natural Weed Control for Beginners Weeds compete with vegetables for water, nutrients, and sunlight, so controlling them early makes a big difference. One of the simplest methods is applying organic mulch, such as compost, to block light and reduce weed growth. Hand-pulling is most effective when weeds are small and the soil is slightly damp. You can also use a hoe to cut weeds off at the soil surface before they mature and go to seed. Avoid disturbing the soil too often, since that can bring new weed seeds to the surface. 2. Common Garden Pests and Safe Solutions Garden pests like aphids, caterpillars, slugs, and beetles can damage leaves and slow plant growth, especially in warm weather. The safest first step is regular inspection so you catch problems early. Many pests can be removed by hand, sprayed off with a strong stream of water, or reduced by removing heavily damaged leaves. Row covers can help protect young plants from insects while still letting in light and water. 3. Supporting Plant Growth (Stakes, Trellises, Pruning) Some vegetables grow best with support, especially tomatoes, peas, and cucumbers. Stakes, cages, and trellises keep plants upright, improve airflow, and reduce disease risk by keeping foliage off the ground. Supporting plants also makes harvesting easier and helps prevent fruit from rotting on damp soil. 4. When to Harvest Your Vegetables Harvesting at the right time improves flavor and texture, and it can also encourage plants to keep producing. Many vegetables taste best when picked young and tender, like zucchini and cucumbers. Leafy greens can often be harvested gradually by removing outer leaves while the plant keeps growing. For crops like tomatoes and peppers, harvest when they reach full color and feel firm, or slightly earlier if you want them to finish ripening off the vine. Checking your garden often helps you catch vegetables at their best. Conclusion The key to a successful garden starts with the basics, and that begins with proper soil preparation using quality organic amendments. Starting small and learning as you grow will help you build confidence and get better results each season. At Old Potters, we offer nutrient-rich organic soil amendments designed to support healthier plants, stronger roots, and better outcomes from the start. Explore all your gardening and soil amendment needs, or contact us for help choosing the right option for your garden.

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